Endogenous Growth Factors Involved in Wound Healing with PRP

1. Epithelial Growth Factor

• 53-amino acid polypeptide chain
• Released during platelet degranulation
• Stimulate re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagenase activity

2. Fibroblast Growth Factor

• Stimulate angiogenesis
• Stimulate endothelial cell proliferation
• Stimulate collagen synthesis
• Stimulate wound contraction
• Stimulate matrix synthesis
• Stimulate epithelialization
• Produces Keratinocyte growth factor

3. Platelet Derived Growth Factor

• Produced by the alpha granules of the platelet
• Activates TGF-beta
• Stimulates neutrophils and macrophages
• Stimulates chemotaxis
• Stimulates mitogenesis of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells
• Stimulates collagen synthesis and collagenase activity
• Stimulates angiogenesis

4. Transforming Growth Factor - Beta

• Found in the platelet alpha granules
• Reverse the inhibition of wound healing caused by glucocorticoids
• Stimulates monocytes to secrete FGF, PDGF, Tumor Necrosis Factor – Alpha (TNF-alpha), and Interleukin-1
• Stimulates fibroblast chemotaxis and proliferation
• Potent stimulator of collagen synthesis
• Decreased dermal scarring

5. Transforming Growth Factor - Alpha

• Variant of Epithelial Growth Factor
• Produced by activated platelets, macrophages, and keratinocytes
• Stimulates mesenchymal, epithelial, and endothelial cell growth
• Stimulates endothelial chemotaxis

6. Interleukin  1

• Stimulates lymphocyte proliferation
• Influences collagenase activity